Material Properties: Alloying, Heat Treatment, Mechanical Working and Recrystallization! Method # 1. Alloying: Alloy steels are broadly classified into two categories: (i) Low Alloy Steels (ii) High Alloy Steels In low alloy steels, the total content of the alloying elements, such as Cr, Ni, Mo, V, and Mn, is kept within 5%. Each alloying element imparts a specific property to [...]
In this article we will discuss about the manufacturing and mechanical properties of engineering materials. Learn about:- 1. Structure of Matter 2. Metals and Alloys 3. Deformation and Mechanical Properties. Manufacturing and Mechanical Properties of Engineering Materials Structure of Matter: The properties of a material are intimately connected to its basic molecular structure. Some knowledge of this structure is therefore [...]
Properties of Fluid: Pressure and Temperature! 1. Pressure: The pressure is a force applied per unit area and is measured in units N/m2 or pascal. The absolute pressure of a gas is the result of a large number of the molecules forming the gas striking the walls of the vessel. The force per unit area is called the specific pressure [...]
There are four methods of determining the dryness fraction of steam. They are as mentioned below: 1. Bucket Calorimeter: This method of determining the dryness fraction of steam is not exact. The value of dryness fraction obtained by this method is lower than the actual value. The apparatus shown in fig. 3-21 consists of a copper calorimeter which is placed [...]
Liquids are heated and evaporated at constant pressure. The vapours are also superheated at constant pressure in superheaters. For this reason the entropy of vapours can be calculated from the formula for the change of entropy at constant pressure. We consider the entropy of vapour in three phases of formation. In the following topic the entropy of steam and the [...]
In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Thermodynamic Properties 2. Thermodynamic Process 3. Thermodynamic Cycle 4. Thermodynamics Examples. Thermodynamic Properties: Every system has certain characteristics such as Pressure, Volume, Temperature, Density, Internal Energy. Enthalpy etc. by which its physical condition may be described. Such characteristics are called as Properties of the system. Properties may be of two types: 1. [...]
In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Introduction to Entropy 2. Clausius Theorem for a Process and for a Cycle 3. Entropy—A Property 4. Clausius Inequality 5. Change of Entropy in a System 6. Property Relations from Energy Equations 7. General Equations for Change in Entropy 8. Change in Entropy during Various Processes 9. Representation of Various Processes on [...]
In this article we will discuss about: 1. General Properties of Engineering Materials 2. Physical Properties of Engineering Materials 3. Mechanical Properties. General Properties of Engineering Materials: The economists mainly concerned with the industries manufacturing engineering materials are interested in finding out ways in which the engineering materials can be used or applied in the best economic way. The economist should [...]
The free electron theory of metals, which started with Drude (1902), has been able to explain quite successfully the following properties, called the metallic properties: 1. Good Electrical and Thermal Conductivity 2. Opaque and Lustrous 3. Good Ductility 4. Alloying Behaviour of Metals 5. High Melting Points. Property # 1. Good Electrical and Thermal Conductivity: As the free electrons in [...]
The following properties of materials will be briefly discussed: 1. Physical Properties of Materials 2. Mechanical Properties of Materials 3. Electrical Properties of Materials 4. Magnetic Properties of Materials 5. Chemical Properties of Materials. 1. Physical Properties: A. The Melting or Freezing Point: I. The melting or freezing point of pure metal is defined as the temperature at which the [...]