In this article we will discuss about how to design bituminous mixes for construction of roads [with mix formula]| . Design of Bituminous Mixes: The steps in the design of bituminous mixes are: Selection of Aggregate and Grading: Aggregates which possess the desired qualities of strength, hardness, toughness, and soundness are selected. Crushed stone aggregates and sands of angular particles [...]
The following tests are conducted to assess the suitability or quality of bitumen for specific use as a paving material and also for read making: 1. Specific Gravity: Specific gravity of a binder material does not affect its bonding characteristics. However, its value is needed in bituminous mix design. This is determined at 27°C using a standard pyknometer. The bitumen [...]
The following tests are conducted on tar to check or assess its suitability or quality for specific uses in road construction: 1. Specific Gravity: For determining the specific gravity of tar, the same procedure as for bitumen using a pyknometer is applicable. 2. Distillates: A distillation flask of about one litre capacity is filled with a weighed quantity of tar [...]
In this article we will discuss about how to design plain jointed rigid pavements for highways by IRC Method. IRC Method of Rigid Pavement Design: This method is based on mechanistic-empirical principles and the use of software IITRIGID for the computation of flexural stresses due to single and tandem axle loads. The design of a rigid pavement consists of: (i) [...]
Concrete Roads: PQC, Methods of Construction and How it is Made! Introduction to Concrete Roads: Concrete roads fall under the category of high quality/superior type of roads built with cement concrete. These pavements may or may not be provided with sub-base/base courses, and they may be constructed directly over a well-compacted soil subgrade. They derive their strength to support the [...]
In this article we will discuss about how to stabilise soil for road construction. Learn about:- 1. Mechanical Stabilization 2. Stabilisation with Additives. 1. Mechanical Stabilization: Rearrangement of the soil grains and densification by compaction is the first approach. The other approach consists of blending two or more available soils to obtain the desired gradation of soil particles for the [...]
Highway Drainage: Need and Types of Highway Drainage System! Highway drainage consists of removing or controlling surface water and subsurface water away from the road surface and the subgrade supporting it. Part of the rain water flows on the ground or road surface, while the other part percolates into the ground and reaches the ground water table, raising its level. [...]
In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Alignment of Hill Roads 2. Geometric Design Aspects of Hill Roads 3. Maintenance Aspects. Alignment of Hill Roads: 1. Administrative, developmental and strategic needs would determine the obligatory points to be connected by a hill road. Control points would be governed by saddles, passes, river crossings, and other natural features such as [...]
In this article we will discuss about how to maintain roads. Maintenance of Highway: A well-constructed highway that is designed for a particular category would need minimum maintenance. The nature and extent of maintenance needed would depend on the degree of deterioration of the pavement, the most common road characteristic used to assess this being the 'roughness'. It is generally [...]
Highway Pavements: Design, Types, Flexible and Rigid Pavement, notes and Functions . Also Learn about:- 1. Design of Highway Pavements 2. Pavement Evaluation 3. Strengthening. Design of Highway Pavements: Pavement design is governed by a number of considerations/factors, as given below: 1. Design Life of the Pavement: 'Design period' or 'design life' of a pavement is the period of time [...]