A rotary intersection is a specialised form of intersection-at-grade in which the traffic movies in one direction round a central island. For 'keep-to-the-left' rule, vehicles approaching the intersection are forced to move around the central island in an orderly manner and weave out of the rotary into their respective desired directions. Design Elements of a Rotary: A number of elements [...]
When two or more roads intersect or cross, the users of these roads have to necessarily adjust their movement in order to avoid 'collision'; this adjustment could be by way of reduction in speed and/or change in the path of their motion. An intersection is defined as "the general area where two or more highways join or cross, within which [...]
Materials Used for the Construction of Roads: Methods, Process, Layers and Road Pavement! A wide variety of materials are used in the construction of roads these are soils (naturally occurring or processed), aggregates (fine aggregates or coarse aggregates obtained from rocks), binders like lime, bituminous materials, and cement, and miscellaneous materials used as admixtures for improved performance of roads under [...]
In this article we will discuss about how to design plain jointed rigid pavements for highways by IRC Method. IRC Method of Rigid Pavement Design: This method is based on mechanistic-empirical principles and the use of software IITRIGID for the computation of flexural stresses due to single and tandem axle loads. The design of a rigid pavement consists of: (i) [...]
Concrete Roads: PQC, Methods of Construction and How it is Made! Introduction to Concrete Roads: Concrete roads fall under the category of high quality/superior type of roads built with cement concrete. These pavements may or may not be provided with sub-base/base courses, and they may be constructed directly over a well-compacted soil subgrade. They derive their strength to support the [...]
In this article we will discuss about how to stabilise soil for road construction. Learn about:- 1. Mechanical Stabilization 2. Stabilisation with Additives. 1. Mechanical Stabilization: Rearrangement of the soil grains and densification by compaction is the first approach. The other approach consists of blending two or more available soils to obtain the desired gradation of soil particles for the [...]
Highway Drainage: Need and Types of Highway Drainage System! Highway drainage consists of removing or controlling surface water and subsurface water away from the road surface and the subgrade supporting it. Part of the rain water flows on the ground or road surface, while the other part percolates into the ground and reaches the ground water table, raising its level. [...]
In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Alignment of Hill Roads 2. Geometric Design Aspects of Hill Roads 3. Maintenance Aspects. Alignment of Hill Roads: 1. Administrative, developmental and strategic needs would determine the obligatory points to be connected by a hill road. Control points would be governed by saddles, passes, river crossings, and other natural features such as [...]
In this article we will discuss about how to maintain roads. Maintenance of Highway: A well-constructed highway that is designed for a particular category would need minimum maintenance. The nature and extent of maintenance needed would depend on the degree of deterioration of the pavement, the most common road characteristic used to assess this being the 'roughness'. It is generally [...]
Highway Pavements: Design, Types, Flexible and Rigid Pavement, notes and Functions . Also Learn about:- 1. Design of Highway Pavements 2. Pavement Evaluation 3. Strengthening. Design of Highway Pavements: Pavement design is governed by a number of considerations/factors, as given below: 1. Design Life of the Pavement: 'Design period' or 'design life' of a pavement is the period of time [...]